Horizontal internal combustion engine



Oct. 19, 1943; H, LIEBERHERR 2,332,092

HORIZONTAL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed May 27, 1942 25 INVENTOR//INS L/t'BE/i'HER/Y BY @WQm )HJM ATTORNEYS We@ ,19' m s a.; mail..

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"The invention relates tol a horizontal internalv combustion engineadfi's 'characterized by 'aY device -for attaching the pistonto thecrank "in such away thatthe 'pistoncanbe'swung inV and out by turningthe crank; The purpose of this is to facilitate the erectionordismantling of the l' piston. After Abeingattached tothe crank,the' Y Io bebrought" out ofthe vertical ps'itioninto thehorizontal position andthen insertediinto'thecylinder atL the end next the crank. In asimilarmanner piston can,'when the crank is turned,

the piston can be `swung out and brought again' intothejverticalposition for dismantling.` The device described ispartici'ilarly-suitable for horizontal twoshaftfopposed-piston vinternalcom'- bustion engines, since these have no cylinder v' cover, so4 thatthe only possibility `ofdismantling the piston is by removing it throughthe vcrank f The introduction of the piston into the cylinder and itsremoval from the cylinder can be further facilitated by they provisionof a removable bush, which lengthens the cylinder running surface; it isput over the part Vof the piston carrying the rings and is assembled anddismantled simultaneously with the piston. I'he piston can then be heldby means of the cylinder runmng surface before the connecting rod isdetached from thel crank, so that the piston can be inserted into the,cylinder without requiringl to be specially suspended from above orsupported from below` v The invention is here explained with the help ofthe drawing in which Fig. 1 shows an ex-, ample of execution of atwo-shaft opposed-piston internal combustion engine according tothemvention, with the pistons inserted ready; for

Y service, and Figs. 2 to 6 show. a series of consecutive steps inkdismantling a piston of the engine illustrated in Fig. l.

'I'he forces acting on the pistons I and 2 (Fig. 1) are transmittedthrough the connecting rods 3 and 4 to the cranks 5 and I, and thepistons are drawn out further by the cranks in a manner not shown. Fromthe scavenging-air duct 1 the scavenging air flows into the workingcylinder through the port 8 which is controlled by the piston 2. n Thecombustion gases pass through the port 9 into an exhaust pipe not shown.The crank casings I and I'I are rendered oil-tight by the sheet-metalcovers I2 and I3. At the two ends of the cylinder running surface I4extension bushes I5 and I6 are provided whichk arer fixed to the runningsurface I4 by means of axial bolts i5' and I8' respectively.

' rtrnton l'v the sheet-nieta j Icover I2,k isfgremovedfandthenfthee'nginemis turned laround until crank l cornes| into 4the posinectingrod I ,ancye-bolfll isy provided which' serves for suspending Athe Uconnecting ma 'and than the bisfenjd 'bearinspan the connecting rod hascome onto around intoy the chain-dotted'positlon 5'. f

whereby it rests for instance on the edge Il of the piston. yThe crank`'from theposition Ifpast the forwardly drawn piston-I into lthe positionl', so thatv the surfaces' I8H of the crank cheek stand opposite to the91515011# Y After piston I has been drawn out to the end faces It Aofthe crank cheeksas shown in Fig. 4, anaxially-divided retaining bush 20is laid over it, and the parts of the bush are then drawn together bymeans of tangential bolts. The bush, closed vin this manner, can then befixed to theV end faces of the crank cheeks with the help of axial bolts20'. At the same time the connecting rod` 2 is held by a yoke 2| fixedto the crank cheeks, so that it can no longer be swung out. Between theconnecting rod and the crank pin of soft material, for instance,lead,'leath'er, or cardboard, may be inserted to protect the runningsurface.

The extension bush I5 is then detached from the cylinder running surfaceI4 and fixed by means of axial bolts 22' to the retaining bush 20, thepieces 22 (Fig. 5) being introduced between the running surface Hand thebush 20. In addition to that, with the help of'a yoke 23, which islikewise xed with axial bolts 23' to the extension bush `'I5 -andthereby -also to the retaining bush 20 and to the crank cheeks. thepiston 'I is'prevented from sliding outbackwards.y f

-Finally theV crank 5. with thepiston fixed to the crankcheeks and withthe connecting rod, is turned around into the position shown in Fig. 6.After xed a dismantlnig rail 24 to the casing and removing the retainingbush 20, the piston" with the extension bush put over its rings, is setVinthe vertical position on the rail 24 and pushed is removed. After theedge ofthe extension' "bushV Il,l the crank' i 4can be 'moved'The-connectingrod I can then be withdrawn below the raised crank towardsthe front until* it comes into the `position shownfin Fig. 3;

5 is thenturned around into the crankcase. after which it is nxed to theI crank by means of the retaining bush. After turning the crank into thehorizontal position t the extension bush can be iixed to the cylinderand the piston inserted into the cylinder. 5

I claim:

A two-shaft opposed-piston internal combustion engine having two pistonsreciprocable horizontally in the same cylinder, which comprises aconnecting rod connecting each piston to a 10 crank-shaft, s. removablebush connected to each end of the cylinder for lengthening the cylinderrunning surfaceof eachpiston, means for gripping each piston. and meansfor connecting the gripping meansrto the crank-shaft, whereby the pistonmay be swung with the crank-shaft after the bush has been disconnectedfrom the cylinder.

HANS LIEBERHERR.

